Osteoimmunology and nutritional science.

The concept of osteoimmunology was established more than a decade ago and is based on the reciprocal relationship between immune and bone cells. This way of looking to these two organs skeletal and immune system, has resulted in the development of clinical therapeutics for seemingly disparate but linked by the common themes of inflammation and bone remodeling. 1 Osteoimmunology includes osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis and periodontal disease which have prominent effects on quality of life, increase the incidence in the population, and have crucial socioeconomic issues. 2 Immune system and bone are both intricate organs which have different tasks. To preserve balance in bone, while responding to different inputs (such as nutrition, mechanical stress, ageing, and inflammation), the bone marrow cells are controlled by immune systems in concert with endocrine and neural systems. 5 As a fact, if we look at the bone marrow space as “loosely compartmentalized lymphoid organ” there would be no doubt in intensive interact and influential effects between these two systems. 6 In 1997, the receptor activator of the nuclear factor-kappa-B ligand (RANKL)/RANK/Osteoprotegerin (OPG) pathway was recognized as an important signal transduction pathway that regulate the coupling mechanism between osteoblasts and osteoclasts or bone remodeling process. 3